Copyright © 2023 Henk Reints, http://Henk-Reints.nl --------------------------------------------------- Atomic radii [pm], volumes [pm^3] & emptyness of elements up to Z = 92 ====================================================================== (E = using empirical radius, C = calculated) Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radii_of_the_elements_(data_page) Emptyness = atomic volume / total electron Compton volume Electron Compton volume (sphere with diameter = Compton wavelength): 7.478898082 pm^3 Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 1 | H | hydrogen | 25 | 53 | 6.54e+4 | 6.24e+5 | 8751 | 83383 | 1 | 569159: 3 = Li | 869519: 3 = Li 2 | He | helium | 120 | 31 | 7.24e+6 | 1.25e+5 | 483910 | 8343 | 2 | 483910: 2 = He | 422976: 19 = K 3 | Li | lithium | 145 | 167 | 1.28e+7 | 1.95e+7 | 569159 | 869519 | 3 | 313881: 19 = K | 349236: 11 = Na 4 | Be | beryllium | 105 | 112 | 4.85e+6 | 5.88e+6 | 162091 | 196718 | 4 | 296945: 11 = Na | 281700: 37 = Rb 5 | B | boron | 85 | 87 | 2.57e+6 | 2.76e+6 | 68792 | 73763 | 5 | 229409: 10 = Ne | 269487: 55 = Cs 6 | C | carbon | 70 | 67 | 1.44e+6 | 1.26e+6 | 32018 | 28075 | 6 | 196450: 37 = Rb | 204468: 20 = Ca 7 | N | nitrogen | 65 | 56 | 1.15e+6 | 7.36e+5 | 21973 | 14051 | 7 | 178982: 55 = Cs | 196718: 4 = Be 8 | O | oxygen | 60 | 48 | 9.05e+5 | 4.63e+5 | 15122 | 7743 | 8 | 163320: 20 = Ca | 166144: 21 = Sc 9 | F | fluorine | 50 | 42 | 5.24e+5 | 3.10e+5 | 7779 | 4611 | 9 | 162091: 4 = Be | 161966: 56 = Ba 10 | Ne | neon | 160 | 38 | 1.72e+7 | 2.30e+5 | 229409 | 3073 | 10 | 157523: 12 = Mg | 154810: 38 = Sr Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 11 | Na | sodium | 180 | 190 | 2.44e+7 | 2.87e+7 | 296945 | 349236 | 11 | 117912: 38 = Sr | 143051: 59 = Pr 12 | Mg | magnesium | 150 | 145 | 1.41e+7 | 1.28e+7 | 157523 | 142290 | 12 | 109243: 21 = Sc | 142290: 12 = Mg 13 | Al | aluminium | 125 | 118 | 8.18e+6 | 6.88e+6 | 84147 | 70787 | 13 | 99398: 56 = Ba | 138793: 22 = Ti 14 | Si | silicon | 110 | 111 | 5.58e+6 | 5.73e+6 | 53248 | 54713 | 14 | 84147: 13 = Al | 136834: 39 = Y 15 | P | phosphorus | 100 | 98 | 4.19e+6 | 3.94e+6 | 37339 | 35143 | 15 | 83754: 39 = Y | 122403: 40 = Zr 16 | S | sulfur | 100 | 88 | 4.19e+6 | 2.85e+6 | 35005 | 23855 | 16 | 72858: 57 = La | 121784: 62 = Sm 17 | Cl | chlorine | 100 | 79 | 4.19e+6 | 2.07e+6 | 32946 | 16244 | 17 | 69857: 22 = Ti | 121762: 23 = V 18 | Ar | argon | 71 | 71 | 1.50e+6 | 1.50e+6 | 11137 | 11137 | 18 | 68792: 5 = B | 113423: 57 = La 19 | K | potassium | 220 | 243 | 4.46e+7 | 6.01e+7 | 313881 | 422976 | 19 | 64036: 24 = Cr | 110698: 64 = Gd 20 | Ca | calcium | 180 | 194 | 2.44e+7 | 3.06e+7 | 163320 | 204468 | 20 | 63253: 88 = Ra | 109584: 63 = Eu Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 21 | Sc | scandium | 160 | 184 | 1.72e+7 | 2.61e+7 | 109243 | 166144 | 21 | 61475: 25 = Mn | 106749: 24 = Cr 22 | Ti | titanium | 140 | 176 | 1.15e+7 | 2.28e+7 | 69857 | 138793 | 22 | 61142: 58 = Ce | 106038: 41 = Nb 23 | V | vanadium | 135 | 171 | 1.03e+7 | 2.09e+7 | 59913 | 121762 | 23 | 60105: 59 = Pr | 100580: 66 = Dy 24 | Cr | chromium | 140 | 166 | 1.15e+7 | 1.92e+7 | 64036 | 106749 | 24 | 59913: 23 = V | 98149: 65 = Tb 25 | Mn | manganese | 140 | 161 | 1.15e+7 | 1.75e+7 | 61475 | 93495 | 25 | 59110: 26 = Fe | 96494: 67 = Ho 26 | Fe | iron | 140 | 156 | 1.15e+7 | 1.59e+7 | 59110 | 81781 | 26 | 59104: 60 = Nd | 95075: 68 = Er 27 | Co | cobalt | 135 | 152 | 1.03e+7 | 1.47e+7 | 51037 | 72848 | 27 | 58135: 61 = Pm | 93495: 25 = Mn 28 | Ni | nickel | 135 | 149 | 1.03e+7 | 1.39e+7 | 49215 | 66169 | 28 | 57197: 62 = Sm | 91467: 42 = Mo 29 | Cu | copper | 135 | 145 | 1.03e+7 | 1.28e+7 | 47518 | 58879 | 29 | 56289: 63 = Eu | 89430: 58 = Ce 30 | Zn | zinc | 135 | 142 | 1.03e+7 | 1.20e+7 | 45934 | 53456 | 30 | 53248: 14 = Si | 88810: 69 = Tm Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 31 | Ga | gallium | 130 | 136 | 9.20e+6 | 1.05e+7 | 39693 | 45447 | 31 | 52142: 40 = Zr | 87541: 70 = Yb 32 | Ge | germanium | 125 | 125 | 8.18e+6 | 8.18e+6 | 34185 | 34185 | 32 | 51037: 64 = Gd | 83383: 1 = H 33 | As | arsenic | 115 | 114 | 6.37e+6 | 6.21e+6 | 25813 | 25145 | 33 | 51037: 27 = Co | 81781: 26 = Fe 34 | Se | selenium | 115 | 103 | 6.37e+6 | 4.58e+6 | 25053 | 18000 | 34 | 49215: 28 = Ni | 81602: 60 = Nd 35 | Br | bromine | 115 | 94 | 6.37e+6 | 3.48e+6 | 24338 | 13291 | 35 | 48810: 47 = Ag | 80607: 71 = Lu 36 | Kr | krypton | NaN | 88 | NaN | 2.85e+6 | NaN | 10602 | 36 | 47518: 29 = Cu | 79824: 43 = Tc 37 | Rb | rubidium | 235 | 265 | 5.44e+7 | 7.80e+7 | 196450 | 281700 | 37 | 47427: 81 = Tl | 79101: 61 = Pm 38 | Sr | strontium | 200 | 219 | 3.35e+7 | 4.40e+7 | 117912 | 154810 | 38 | 46662: 89 = Ac | 73763: 5 = B 39 | Y | yttrium | 180 | 212 | 2.44e+7 | 3.99e+7 | 83754 | 136834 | 39 | 46180: 65 = Tb | 72848: 27 = Co 40 | Zr | zirconium | 155 | 206 | 1.56e+7 | 3.66e+7 | 52142 | 122403 | 40 | 45934: 30 = Zn | 71789: 44 = Ru Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 41 | Nb | niobium | 145 | 198 | 1.28e+7 | 3.25e+7 | 41646 | 106038 | 41 | 45733: 84 = Po | 70787: 13 = Al 42 | Mo | molybdenum | 145 | 190 | 1.28e+7 | 2.87e+7 | 40654 | 91467 | 42 | 45480: 66 = Dy | 70002: 72 = Hf 43 | Tc | technetium | 135 | 183 | 1.03e+7 | 2.57e+7 | 32047 | 79824 | 43 | 44801: 67 = Ho | 66169: 28 = Ni 44 | Ru | ruthenium | 130 | 178 | 9.20e+6 | 2.36e+7 | 27966 | 71789 | 44 | 44142: 68 = Er | 64443: 45 = Rh 45 | Rh | rhodium | 135 | 173 | 1.03e+7 | 2.17e+7 | 30622 | 64443 | 45 | 43503: 69 = Tm | 61379: 73 = Ta 46 | Pd | palladium | 140 | 169 | 1.15e+7 | 2.02e+7 | 33410 | 58770 | 46 | 43452: 48 = Cd | 58879: 29 = Cu 47 | Ag | silver | 160 | 165 | 1.72e+7 | 1.88e+7 | 48810 | 53531 | 47 | 42881: 70 = Yb | 58770: 46 = Pd 48 | Cd | cadmium | 155 | 161 | 1.56e+7 | 1.75e+7 | 43452 | 48695 | 48 | 42565: 49 = In | 54713: 14 = Si 49 | In | indium | 155 | 156 | 1.56e+7 | 1.59e+7 | 42565 | 43394 | 49 | 42277: 71 = Lu | 54412: 74 = W 50 | Sn | tin | 145 | 145 | 1.28e+7 | 1.28e+7 | 34150 | 34150 | 50 | 41646: 41 = Nb | 53531: 47 = Ag Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 51 | Sb | antimony | 145 | 133 | 1.28e+7 | 9.85e+6 | 33480 | 25837 | 51 | 40654: 42 = Mo | 53456: 30 = Zn 52 | Te | tellurium | 140 | 123 | 1.15e+7 | 7.79e+6 | 29555 | 20043 | 52 | 39834: 82 = Pb | 49621: 75 = Re 53 | I | iodine | 140 | 115 | 1.15e+7 | 6.37e+6 | 28997 | 16072 | 53 | 39693: 31 = Ga | 48695: 48 = Cd 54 | Xe | xenon | NaN | 108 | NaN | 5.28e+6 | NaN | 13066 | 54 | 37339: 15 = P | 46661: 76 = Os 55 | Cs | caesium | 260 | 298 | 7.36e+7 | 1.11e+8 | 178982 | 269487 | 55 | 36293: 90 = Th | 45447: 31 = Ga 56 | Ba | barium | 215 | 253 | 4.16e+7 | 6.78e+7 | 99398 | 161966 | 56 | 35894: 91 = Pa | 43394: 49 = In 57 | La | lanthanum | 195 | 226 | 3.11e+7 | 4.84e+7 | 72858 | 113423 | 57 | 35005: 16 = S | 42421: 77 = Ir 58 | Ce | cerium | 185 | 210 | 2.65e+7 | 3.88e+7 | 61142 | 89430 | 58 | 34185: 32 = Ge | 39818: 78 = Pt 59 | Pr | praseodymium | 185 | 247 | 2.65e+7 | 6.31e+7 | 60105 | 143051 | 59 | 34150: 50 = Sn | 37348: 79 = Au 60 | Nd | neodymium | 185 | 206 | 2.65e+7 | 3.66e+7 | 59104 | 81602 | 60 | 33480: 51 = Sb | 35143: 15 = P Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 61 | Pm | promethium | 185 | 205 | 2.65e+7 | 3.61e+7 | 58135 | 79101 | 61 | 33410: 46 = Pd | 35007: 80 = Hg 62 | Sm | samarium | 185 | 238 | 2.65e+7 | 5.65e+7 | 57197 | 121784 | 62 | 32946: 17 = Cl | 34185: 32 = Ge 63 | Eu | europium | 185 | 231 | 2.65e+7 | 5.16e+7 | 56289 | 109584 | 63 | 32627: 92 = U | 34150: 50 = Sn 64 | Gd | gadolinium | 180 | 233 | 2.44e+7 | 5.30e+7 | 51037 | 110698 | 64 | 32047: 43 = Tc | 28075: 6 = C 65 | Tb | terbium | 175 | 225 | 2.24e+7 | 4.77e+7 | 46180 | 98149 | 65 | 32018: 6 = C | 26251: 81 = Tl 66 | Dy | dysprosium | 175 | 228 | 2.24e+7 | 4.96e+7 | 45480 | 100580 | 66 | 30622: 45 = Rh | 25837: 51 = Sb 67 | Ho | holmium | 175 | 226 | 2.24e+7 | 4.84e+7 | 44801 | 96494 | 67 | 29555: 52 = Te | 25145: 33 = As 68 | Er | erbium | 175 | 226 | 2.24e+7 | 4.84e+7 | 44142 | 95075 | 68 | 28997: 53 = I | 24946: 82 = Pb 69 | Tm | thulium | 175 | 222 | 2.24e+7 | 4.58e+7 | 43503 | 88810 | 69 | 28968: 72 = Hf | 23855: 16 = S 70 | Yb | ytterbium | 175 | 222 | 2.24e+7 | 4.58e+7 | 42881 | 87541 | 70 | 27966: 44 = Ru | 20043: 52 = Te Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 71 | Lu | lutetium | 175 | 217 | 2.24e+7 | 4.28e+7 | 42277 | 80607 | 71 | 27640: 83 = Bi | 19732: 83 = Bi 72 | Hf | hafnium | 155 | 208 | 1.56e+7 | 3.77e+7 | 28968 | 70002 | 72 | 25813: 33 = As | 18000: 34 = Se 73 | Ta | tantalum | 145 | 200 | 1.28e+7 | 3.35e+7 | 23390 | 61379 | 73 | 25053: 34 = Se | 16405: 84 = Po 74 | W | tungsten | 135 | 193 | 1.03e+7 | 3.01e+7 | 18622 | 54412 | 74 | 24338: 35 = Br | 16244: 17 = Cl 75 | Re | rhenium | 135 | 188 | 1.03e+7 | 2.78e+7 | 18373 | 49621 | 75 | 23628: 80 = Hg | 16072: 53 = I 76 | Os | osmium | 130 | 185 | 9.20e+6 | 2.65e+7 | 16191 | 46661 | 76 | 23390: 73 = Ta | 14051: 7 = N 77 | Ir | iridium | 135 | 180 | 1.03e+7 | 2.44e+7 | 17896 | 42421 | 77 | 21973: 7 = N | 13497: 85 = At 78 | Pt | platinum | 135 | 177 | 1.03e+7 | 2.32e+7 | 17667 | 39818 | 78 | 18622: 74 = W | 13291: 35 = Br 79 | Au | gold | 135 | 174 | 1.03e+7 | 2.21e+7 | 17443 | 37348 | 79 | 18373: 75 = Re | 13066: 54 = Xe 80 | Hg | mercury | 150 | 171 | 1.41e+7 | 2.09e+7 | 23628 | 35007 | 80 | 17896: 77 = Ir | 11254: 86 = Rn Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness | N | by E.emptyness | by C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ | ---+-----------------+---------------- 81 | Tl | thallium | 190 | 156 | 2.87e+7 | 1.59e+7 | 47427 | 26251 | 81 | 17667: 78 = Pt | 11137: 18 = Ar 82 | Pb | lead | 180 | 154 | 2.44e+7 | 1.53e+7 | 39834 | 24946 | 82 | 17443: 79 = Au | 10602: 36 = Kr 83 | Bi | bismuth | 160 | 143 | 1.72e+7 | 1.22e+7 | 27640 | 19732 | 83 | 16191: 76 = Os | 8343: 2 = He 84 | Po | polonium | 190 | 135 | 2.87e+7 | 1.03e+7 | 45733 | 16405 | 84 | 15122: 8 = O | 7743: 8 = O 85 | At | astatine | NaN | 127 | NaN | 8.58e+6 | NaN | 13497 | 85 | 11137: 18 = Ar | 4611: 9 = F 86 | Rn | radon | NaN | 120 | NaN | 7.24e+6 | NaN | 11254 | 86 | 8751: 1 = H | 3073: 10 = Ne 87 | Fr | francium | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | 87 | 7779: 9 = F | 88 | Ra | radium | 215 | NaN | 4.16e+7 | NaN | 63253 | NaN 89 | Ac | actinium | 195 | NaN | 3.11e+7 | NaN | 46662 | NaN 90 | Th | thorium | 180 | NaN | 2.44e+7 | NaN | 36293 | NaN Z | symbol | name | E.radius | C.radius | E.volume | C.volume | E.emptyness | C.emptyness ----+--------+---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ 91 | Pa | protactinium | 180 | NaN | 2.44e+7 | NaN | 35894 | NaN 92 | U | uranium | 175 | NaN | 2.24e+7 | NaN | 32627 | NaN Statistics: +---------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+------------ min: | 25 | 31 | | 7779 | 3073 median: | 145 | 167 | | 44142 | 65306 mean: | 149 | 161 | | 69995 | 88673 max: | 260 | 298 | | 569159 | 869519 stddev: | 40 | 57 | | 89649 | 111890 --------------------------------------------------- Copyright © 2023 Henk Reints, http://Henk-Reints.nl